{"id":3708,"date":"2022-07-19T17:00:20","date_gmt":"2022-07-19T21:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/?p=3708"},"modified":"2022-07-23T14:34:54","modified_gmt":"2022-07-23T18:34:54","slug":"hope","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/zh\/2022\/hope\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c4a\u6728\u5170\u56fd\u9645\u7535\u5f71\u8282\u4e3b\u89c6\u89c9\u4f5c\u54c1\u300a\u5e0c\u671b\uff08\u4e09\u8054\uff09\u300b\u53d1\u5e03"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_3620\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_triptych_r.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3620\" class=\"wp-image-3620 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_triptych_r-300x102.png\" alt=\"Hope (3 parts)\" width=\"300\" height=\"102\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_triptych_r-300x102.png 300w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_triptych_r-1024x349.png 1024w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_triptych_r-768x261.png 768w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_triptych_r-1536x523.png 1536w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_triptych_r-2048x697.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3620\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hope (3 parts)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c4a\u6728\u5170\u56fd\u9645\u7535\u5f71\u8282\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u89c6\u89c9\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u662f\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u3002\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0a\u4e00\u822c\u5b9a\u4e49\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u4ea7\u751f\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u4eba\u5bf9\u6240\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6b32\u671b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\uff082\uff09\u8be5\u7ed3\u679c\u5177\u5907\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff08\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e0d\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u7684<sup>[1]<\/sup>\uff09\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e50\u89c2\u201d\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4e50\u89c2\u201d\u540c\u6837\u5305\u542b\u6b32\u671b\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u987b\u76f8\u4fe1\u7ed3\u679c\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5bf9\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e5f\u6709\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8981\u53bb\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4eba\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u60c5\u611f\u751a\u81f3\u884c\u52a8\u4e0a\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fdb\u6765<sup>[2]<\/sup>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u827a\u672f\u603b\u76d1\u6c88\u73ae\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u662f\u4e2a\u60b2\u89c2\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u62e5\u62b1\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u672a\u6765\u6709\u597d\u4e8b\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5c06\u5168\u529b\u4ee5\u8d74\u8ba9\u5b83\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u6211\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u7ec8\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u597d\u7ed3\u5c40\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u5c3d\u6211\u6240\u80fd\u3001\u53d6\u5f97\u597d\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u5e0c\u671b\uff08\u4e09\u8054\uff09\u300b\u7684\u5de6\u7ffc\u9762\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u4e8c\u5143\u6027\u3002\u753b\u9762\u4e2d\u4e0b\u65b9\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u9762\u7684\u573a\u8bb0\u677f\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7acb\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u5f62\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u64ad\u653e\u6309\u94ae\u5916\u89c2\u7684\u7403\u4f53\u3002\u5982\u679c\u573a\u8bb0\u677f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u521b\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u64ad\u653e\u6309\u94ae\u5c5e\u4e8e\u89c2\u4f17\u3002\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u95f4\u9762\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u5b8c\u5168\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u5185\u91cc\u4e4b\u7269\u8ff8\u53d1\u800c\u51fa\u3002\u53f3\u7ffc\u9762\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u5219\u5f7b\u5e95\u655e\u5f00\u76d6\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u521b\u4f5c\u7075\u611f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u6f58\u591a\u62c9\u9b54\u76d2\u795e\u8bdd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u795e\u8bdd\u6700\u65e9\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u8d6b\u897f\u4fc4\u5fb7\u7684\u300a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0e\u65f6\u65e5\u300b\u8bd7\u4e2d\u3002\u76f8\u4f20\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u76d7\u53d6\u706b\u79cd\u6fc0\u6012\u4e86\u5b99\u65af\uff0c\u5b99\u65af\u4e3a\u4e86\u60e9\u7f5a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5c06\u6f58\u591a\u62c9\u7684\u9b54\u76d2\u653e\u5230\u4eba\u95f4\u3002\u5f53\u6f58\u591a\u62c9\u6253\u5f00\u9b54\u76d2\u65f6\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u8dd1\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5979\u8d76\u7d27\u5173\u4e0a\u9b54\u76d2\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\uff08Elpis\uff09\u7559\u5728\u4e86\u91cc\u9762\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u4f17\u8bf4\u7eb7\u7ead\uff0c\u800c\u795e\u8bdd\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9b54\u76d2\u91cc\u88c5\u7740\u7684\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5417\uff1f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f20\u8bf4\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u5728\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u753b\u5bb6\u6731\u5229\u5965\u00b7\u535a\u7eb3\u677e\u7684\u4e00\u5e45\u7248\u753b\uff08\u73b0\u6536\u85cf\u4e8e\u5927\u90fd\u4f1a\u827a\u672f\u535a\u7269\u9986\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6f58\u591a\u62c9\u7684\u4e08\u592b\u5384\u5e87\u58a8\u900f\u65af\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7f50\u5b50\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u548c\u5e73\u3001\u516c\u6b63\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u7b49\u7684\u5973\u795e\u4eec\u98de\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u552f\u6709Spes\uff08\u7f57\u9a6c\u795e\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7684Elpis\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ee3\u8868\u5e0c\u671b\uff09\u7559\u5728\u4e86\u7f50\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3614\" style=\"width: 216px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3614\" class=\"wp-image-3614 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/img_6501-scaled-206x300.jpg\" alt=\"Giulio Bonasone, Epimetheus Opening Pandora\u2019s Box, 1531\u201376\" width=\"206\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/img_6501-scaled-206x300.jpg 206w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/img_6501-scaled-704x1024.jpg 704w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/img_6501-768x1117.jpg 768w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/img_6501-1056x1536.jpg 1056w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/img_6501-1408x2048.jpg 1408w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/img_6501-scaled.jpg 1759w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 206px) 100vw, 206px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3614\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Giulio Bonasone, Epimetheus Opening Pandora\u2019s Box, 1531\u201376<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u597d\u7684\u5417\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u662f\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b83\u4f1a\u8ddf\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9b54\u76d2\u4e2d\uff1f\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u4e2d\u201cElpis\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u9884\u671f\u201d\uff08expectation\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u5e26\u6709\u8912\u4e49\u3001\u4e2d\u6027\u548c\u8d2c\u4e49\u4e09\u79cd\u611f\u60c5\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d\u5b83\u7684\u597d\u574f\u4e5f\u9887\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd9\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u91cc\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u865a\u5047\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u4eba\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u5c3c\u91c7\u66f4\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u8981\u53d7\u82e6\uff0c\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u4f7f\u4eba\u575a\u6301\u6d3b\u4e0b\u53bb\u800c\u53d7\u66f4\u591a\u82e6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u90aa\u6076\u4e2d\u7684\u90aa\u6076\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u88ab\u5173\u5728\u9b54\u76d2\u91cc\u662f\u597d\u4e8b\u8fd8\u662f\u574f\u4e8b\uff1f\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u9b54\u76d2\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u662f\u7528\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u7559\u7ed9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u7528\u6765\u7981\u9522\u4e0d\u8be5\u8fdb\u5165\u4eba\u95f4\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff1f\u6253\u5f00\u9b54\u76d2\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u9003\u79bb\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\uff1f\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u795e\u8bdd\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u81f3\u5c11\u4e24\u79cd\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u7ec8\u5219\u4f1a\u5f97\u51fa\u504f\u4e50\u89c2\u6216\u504f\u60b2\u89c2\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9b54\u76d2\u91cc\u88c5\u7684\u662f\u707e\u96be\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u662f\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u6700\u7ec8\u88ab\u5173\u5728\u9b54\u76d2\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c61\u5f81\u4eba\u7c7b\u7559\u4f4f\u4e86\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7c7b\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u707e\u96be\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97\u5e0c\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6728\u5170\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff0c\u662f\u597d\u8fd8\u662f\u574f\uff0c\u662f\u82e6\u8fd8\u662f\u4e50\uff1f\u7535\u5f71\u8282\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u70ed\u95f9\u7eda\u70c2\u9f13\u821e\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u3002\u89c2\u4f17\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u65b0\u9c9c\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u4e0e\u7535\u5f71\u4eba\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6709\u592a\u591a\u6b22\u6109\u548c\u6fc0\u52a8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4eec\u591a\u591a\u5c11\u5c11\u90fd\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u201c\u81f3\u6697\u65f6\u523b\u201d\u3002\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u51fa\u4e86\u5dee\u9519\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u91cc\u80fd\u518d\u6765\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ece\u5934\u5230\u5c3e\u90fd\u6709\u5341\u8db3\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u6709\u518d\u591a\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6709\u5fc3\u60ac\u7740\u7684\u90a3\u523b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d70\u8d70\u505c\u505c\uff0c\u62ff\u8d77\u53c8\u653e\u4e0b\uff0c\u5408\u4e0a\u53c8\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u56de\u5934\u518d\u56de\u5934\uff0c\u8e2f\u8e85\u524d\u884c\u3002\u4e07\u6cd5\u7686\u7a7a\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u4e0d\u7a7a\u3002\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u5b58\u4e8e\u8fd9\u56e0\u4e0e\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3623 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_1-300x300.png\" alt=\"Hope (3 parts), Left Panel\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_1-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_1-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_1-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_1-2048x2048.png 2048w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_1-70x70.png 70w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3622 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_2r-300x300.png\" alt=\"Hope (3 parts), Middle Panel\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_2r-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_2r-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_2r-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_2r-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_2r-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_2r-2048x2048.png 2048w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_2r-70x70.png 70w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_2r-266x266.png 266w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_2r-200x200.png 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3621 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_3-300x300.png\" alt=\"Hope (3 parts), Right Panel\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_3-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_3-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_3-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_3-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_3-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_3-2048x2048.png 2048w, https:\/\/mulanfestival.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mulan2022_hope_3-70x70.png 70w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\">\u811a\u6ce8\uff1a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\">[1] \u89c1R. S. Downie\u7684\u8bba\u6587Hope<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\">[2] \u89c1Philip Pettit\u7684\u201csubstantial hope\u201d\u548cCheshire Calhoun\u7684\u201cphenomenological idea\u201d\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c4a\u6728\u5170\u56fd\u9645\u7535\u5f71\u8282\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u89c6\u89c9\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u662f\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u3002\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0a\u4e00\u822c\u5b9a\u4e49\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u4ea7\u751f\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u4eba\u5bf9\u6240\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6b32\u671b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\uff082\uff09\u8be5\u7ed3\u679c\u5177\u5907\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff08\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e0d\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u7684[1]\uff09\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e50\u89c2\u201d\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4e50\u89c2\u201d\u540c\u6837\u5305\u542b\u6b32\u671b\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u987b\u76f8\u4fe1\u7ed3\u679c\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5bf9\u201c\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e5f\u6709\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8981\u53bb\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4eba\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u60c5\u611f\u751a\u81f3\u884c\u52a8\u4e0a\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fdb\u6765[2]\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u827a\u672f\u603b\u76d1\u6c88\u73ae\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u662f\u4e2a\u60b2\u89c2\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u62e5\u62b1\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u672a\u6765\u6709\u597d\u4e8b\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5c06\u5168\u529b\u4ee5\u8d74\u8ba9\u5b83\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u6211\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u7ec8\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u597d\u7ed3\u5c40\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u5c3d\u6211\u6240\u80fd\u3001\u53d6\u5f97\u597d\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u201d 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S. 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